In 1935, the Government of India Act was introduced in the British Parliament.
Britain, at this time, had a National Government and progress was made over India purely
because Stanley Baldwin, the Tory leader, and Ramsey-MacDonald, the Labour leader,
agreed on a joint course of action. Winston Churchill was bitterly opposed to it.
The Act introduced:
An elected Indian assembly to have a say in everything in India except
defence and foreign affairs. The eleven provincial assemblies were to have
effective full control over local affairs.
The Gandhi & his friends in India were not satisfied with this, as the act did not introduce
dominion status and white dominions were allowed to control their own defence
and foreign policies.
In the 1937 provincial elections, the Hindus, who dominated the Congress Party
under Nehru, won eight out of the eleven provinces. The Muslim League under Jinnah
won the rest of the provinces
The relations between the Congress and the Muslim League
before the elections was cordial.
The elections of 1937 were destined to have a far-reaching effect on the
history of India. The poor showing by the Muslim League and the attitude of the
triumphant party ensured that the seeds of discord were sown and nurtured,
contributing to the country's partition a decade later.
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S. Balachandran.
balachandran@muthamil.com
April 18, 2005.
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